Since gaining independence in 2011, South Sudan has faced various violent conflicts, leading to instability and increased levels of poverty. According to the Fund for Peace, South Sudan is considered the most fragile state in the world. The country’s governance levels remain low, and the potential for conflicts to resurface remains high due to ongoingSOUTH SUDAN FRAGILITY

Fragility situations in Somalia are closely tied to the widespread proliferation of illicit small arms and light weapons (SALW) that have resulted from protracted conflicts over the years. Somalia, situated in the Horn of Africa, emerged from a state of complete collapse in 2004. However, it still ranks second to last on the Fragile StatesSOMALIA FRAGILITY

The study was made possible by a grant from the Government of Japan to the Regional Centre on Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes Region, Horn of Africa, and Bordering States (RECSA), through the Kenya office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP-Kenya Office). The synthesis report benefited from individual country studiesRegional Synthesis Report on disarmament

Poaching in Africa has reached a crisis level, with an increasing number of elephants being poached and the risk of their extinction becoming more imminent. It is estimated that close to 30,000 elephants are poached every year in Africa. Without comprehensive and coordinated action, elephants could soon face extinction. In this study, poaching is definedPoaching

Welcome to the 3-year RECSA Report for the period FY2018 to FY2021. As the Executive Secretary at the RECSA Secretariat, I have had the great pleasure of witnessing RECSA’s continued coordination in the implementation of Weapons and Ammunitions Management (WAM) in its Member States. Our vision at RECSA is to achieve a safe and secureCONSOLIDATED RECSA REPORT 2018-2021

Since its independence from Belgium in 1960, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has experienced armed conflicts and mutinies staged by rebels and pro-government forces, leading to fragility situations manifested in several instances of forceful government takeovers. In the Fragile States Index of 2015, the DRC was ranked 173rd out of 178 countries by theDRC Fragility

Cattle rustling in the Horn and East African regions has existed for many centuries. Traditionally, it was sanctioned by elders and played as a game aimed at replenishing lost herds and for cultural practices, including dowry payment and as proof of one’s manhood and bravery. However, in the last 30 years, the practice has changedCattle Rustling

The proliferation of illicit SALW in the Central African Republic (CAR) has for many years undermined possibilities for state stability, and contributed to continual political crisis in the fragile state. Since its independence from France in 1960, CAR has experienced violent conflicts. The country was recently ranked the third most fragile State in the 2015CAR Fragility

Fragility situations in Burundi have been in existence for many years owing to the protracted conflicts and the proliferation of illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW). Since Independence in 1960, Burundi has experienced intermittent conflicts which have left a trail of death, destruction, and displacements. In its 2015 ranking, the Fund for Peace rankedBurundi Fragility